https://elib.psu.by/handle/123456789/27849 Sat, 11 Apr 2026 10:12:33 GMT 2026-04-11T10:12:33Z https://elib.psu.by/handle/123456789/27884 Title: Вышэйшыя дзяржаўныя ўраднікі Вялікага Княства Літоўскага ў час праўлення Уладзіслава Вазы (1633 – 1648 гг.) Authors: Галубовіч, В. У.; Halubovich, V. Abstract: У артыкуле прадстаўлены некаторыя вынікі вывучэння структуры цэнтральных, а таксама вышэйшых лакальных дзяржаўных ураднікаў Вялікага Княства Літоўскага ў 30 – 40-я гады XVII cтагоддзя. Кіруючы апарат княства складаўся з ураднікаў, адна частка якіх, у вузкім сэнсе, служыла дзяржаве, а іншая абслугоўвала манарха. На практыцы гэты падзел прысутнічаў не заўсёды. Сыходзячы з кампетэнцый цэнтральнай бюракратыі ВКЛ, гэтая дзяржава выконвала мінімальны набор функцый, што было ўласціва для традыцыйных грамадстваў. У час праўлення Уладзіслава Вазы былі адноўлены старыя і ўведзены новыя ўрады, што прывяло да павелічэння колькасці ўраднікаў, якія служылі ўласна дзяржаве. Арыстакратычная мадэль рэкрутацыі палітычных эліт вызначала парадак прызначэння на пасады. Цэнтральныя і лакальныя ўрады размяркоўваліся манархам паміж некалькімі дзясяткамі шляхецкіх родаў, найбольш заможныя і аўтарытэтныя з якіх манапалізавалі доступ да вышэйшых пасад у ВКЛ. Разам з тым, падчас гаспадарання Уладзіслава Вазы кар’ера на дзяржаўнай службе была даступна для асоб, якія не належалі да спадчыннай мясцовай арыстакратыі, больш таго, былі іншаземцамі па паходжанні.= The article presents some results of studying the structure of the central, as well as the highest local state officials of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in the 30-40s of the XVII century. The ruling apparatus of the principality consisted of the officials, one part of whom served the state, in a narrow sense, and the other part served the monarch. In practice, the division did not always took place. Based on the competence of the central bureaucracy of the GDL, the state performed a minimal set of functions, which was typical for traditional societies. During the reign of Ladislas Vasa, some former posts were restored and some new ones were set up, which led to an increase in the number of government officials who served the state itself. The aristocratic model of political elites recruiting determined the order of the appointment to the positions. Central and local posts were distributed by the monarch among dozens gentry families, the wealthiest and most authoritative of them monopolized the access to the highest posts in the GDL. At the same time, in Ladislas Vasa governing, a career in the civil service was available to the persons who did not belong to the hereditary local aristocracy, moreover, it was available to foreigners by birth. Fri, 01 Jan 2021 00:00:00 GMT https://elib.psu.by/handle/123456789/27884 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z https://elib.psu.by/handle/123456789/27883 Title: Основные направления деятельности государственных, коммунальных и кооперативных кредитно-банковских учреждений Западной Беларуси в 1920-е – 1930-е гг. Authors: Гецевич, А. К.; Getsevich, A. Abstract: Цель исследования – изучение основных направлений деятельности государственных, коммунальных и кооперативных кредитно-банковских учреждений на территории Западной Беларуси в период 1920-х – 1930-х годов. В статье рассматривается вопросы законодательного оформления кредитно-банковской структуры второй Польской республики, формирования структуры крупнейших финансовых учреждений – государственных банков, а также причины распространения коммунальных кредитно-банковских учреждений, кредитных кооперативов в регионе; основные направления и формы их работы среди населения региона, условия предоставления кредитных ресурсов, приема заемных средств. Приводятся статистические данные по деятельности кредитных учреждений, численность филиалов и отделений. В заключении анализируется состояние и проблемы деятельности кредитных учреждений в западнобелорусском регионе.= The purpose of the study is to study the main activities of state, municipal and cooperative credit and banking institutions in the territory of Western Belarus in the period of the 1920s – 1930s. The article deals with the issues of legislative registration of the credit and banking structure of the second Polish republic, the formation of the structure of the largest financial institutions-state banks, as well as the reasons for the spread of municipal credit and banking institutions, credit cooperatives in the region; the main directions and forms of their work among the population of the region, the conditions for providing credit resources, accepting borrowed funds. Statistical data on the activities of credit institutions, the number of branches and branches are provided. In conclusion, the state and problems of credit institutions in the West Belarusian region are analyzed. The results obtained can be used in the study of the economic history of Belarus in the XX century. Fri, 01 Jan 2021 00:00:00 GMT https://elib.psu.by/handle/123456789/27883 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z https://elib.psu.by/handle/123456789/27881 Title: Участие белорусских татар в антифашистском движении в составе иностранных военных формирований на фронтах Второй мировой войны Authors: Грибова, С. В.; Gribova, S. Abstract: Данная статья посвящена участию белорусских татар в иностранных военных формированиях в годы Второй мировой войны. Автор отмечает, что представители татарского населения БССР внесли свой вклад в общую победу, сражаясь на фронтах войны в рамках таких военных формирований, как І-я и ІІ-я Польские армии, которые были самыми крупными иностранными формированиями в составе советских вооруженных сил. Белорусские татары также были представлены в армии В. Андерса, с которой приняли участие в боях в Италии. Есть сведения о представительстве татар в польских военных формированиях в составе французских вооруженных сил, а также потомки татар, выходцы из ВКЛ, проживавшие в США, вели борьбу с врагом в составе американских войск на тихоокеанском и европейском фронтах.= This article is devoted to the participation of Belarusian Tatars in foreign military formations during the Second World War. The author notes that representatives of the Tatar population of the BSSR contributed to the overall victory, fighting on the war fronts within such military formations as the I and II Polish armies, which were the largest foreign formations in the Soviet armed forces. Belarusian Tatars were also represented in the army of Vladislav Anders, with whom they took part in the battles in Italy. There is information about the representation of Tatars in the Polish military formations as part of the French armed forces. Also escendants of Tatars, natives of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, who lived in the United States, fought against the enemy as part of the American troops on the Pacific and European fronts. Fri, 01 Jan 2021 00:00:00 GMT https://elib.psu.by/handle/123456789/27881 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z https://elib.psu.by/handle/123456789/27880 Title: Факты насилия среди населения Полоцка середины XVII века (согласно актам книги полоцкого магистрата 1656 – 1657 гг.) Authors: Грицкевич, Д. С.; Gritskevich, D. Abstract: В статье представлены результаты исследования текста актов Книги Полоцкого магистрата 1656 – 1657 гг. с целью выявления записей о фактах межличностного насилия среди жителей города. В актах описаны 7 конфликтов, в которых были задействованы мужчины и женщины, занимавшие разное социальное положение. Каждый отдельный случай имеет описание обстоятельств случившегося, полученных травм и последствий для здоровья пострадавшего. Факты насилия имели место на улице, рынках, во дворах и непосредственно домах. Согласно записям, повреждения наносились руками или ногами, подручными средствами. В двух случаях использовалось холодное оружие. Благодаря работе урядового слуги, в актах представлено описание повреждений, полученных пострадавшими (ушибы лица и головы (травмы носа, утеря зубов), травмы конечностей и туловища, переломы костей).= The article presents the results of a study of the text of the laws of the Book of the Polotsk Magistrate of 1656- 1657 in order to identify records of interpersonal violence among the residents of the city. The laws describe 7 conflicts involving men and women who occupied different social positions. Each individual case has a description of the circumstances of the incident, the injuries received and the consequences for the health of the victim. The violence took place in the streets, markets, courtyards and houses themselves. According to the records, the injuries were inflicted by hands or feet, using improvised means. In two cases, edged weapons were used. Thanks to the work of a representative of the authorities, the acts describe the injuries received by the victims (bruises of the face and head (nose injuries, loss of teeth), injuries to the limbs and torso, bone fractures). Fri, 01 Jan 2021 00:00:00 GMT https://elib.psu.by/handle/123456789/27880 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z