The role of the interfacial transition zone in the durability of high-performance concrete exposed to marine environment and freeze-thaw cycles

Abstract

The durability of high-performance concrete (HPC) in marine environments under freeze-thaw cycles is critically governed by the Interfacial Transition Zone (ITZ). This theoretical article analyzes the ITZ's role as the preferential pathway for chloride ingress and the nucleus for micro-crack initiation. We argue that the synergistic degradation, where freeze-thaw damage accelerates ionic transport and vice-versa, is primarily facilitated through this interfacial region. The discussion establishes a framework for enhancing durability by engineering a densified ITZ through optimized particle packing and ultra-fine supplementary cementitious materials. Consequently, a paradigm shift towards explicitly modeling and designing the ITZ microstructure is essential for predicting and extending the service life of marine concrete infrastructure in cold climates.